Structure-property relationships in three-phase relaxor-ferroelectric terpolymers

Poly(vinylidenefluoride-trifluoroethylene)-based (P(VDF-TrFE)-based) terpolymers represent a new class of electroactive polymer materials that are relaxor-ferroelectric (RF) polymers and offer unique attractive property combinations in comparison with conventional ferroelectric polymers. The RF state is achieved by introducing fluorine-containing termonomer as “defect” into the P(VDF-TrFE) copolymer, which reduces interaction between VDF/TrFE dipoles. resulting terpolymer exhibits low Curie transition temperature small remanent coercive fields yielding slim hysteresis loop typical for materials. Though macroscopic behavior similar to ceramics, mechanisms relaxor ferroelectricity semi-crystalline different not fully understood yet. Structure-property relationships play an important role terpolymers, they govern final properties. Hence, review characteristics, previous studies relevant developments P(VDF-TrFE)-based terfluoropolymers either chlorofluoroethylene (CFE) or chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) deemed useful. its composition, well effects processing conditions on structure turn affects properties discussed detail. In addition, presence noteworthy transition(s) mid-temperature range influence preparation those transitions reviewed. A better understanding fundamental aspects affecting structures will help elucidate nature activity VDF-based also further improve their applications-relevant